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<h1><center>Ansible-jinja2模板</center></h1>
------
**作者：行癫（盗版必究）**
## 一：简介
​ ansible通常使用jinja2模板来修改被管理主机的配置文件
​ 使用ansible的jinja2模板，也就是template模块，该模块和copy模块一样，都是将文件复制到远端主机上；区别在于template模块可以获取要复制的文件中变量的值；而copy则是原封不动的把文件内容复制过去，比如针对不同的主机定义不同的变量，template会在将配置文件分发出去之前读取变量到jinja2模板，然后分发到不通的被管理主机上
​ ansible允许jinja2模板中使用条件判断和循环，但是jinja2判断循环语法不允许在playbook中使用
​ jinja2 文件件以 .j2 为后缀， 也可以不写后缀
## 二：基本使用
#### 1.模板基本语法
​ 要在配置文件中使用jinja2，playbook中的tasks必须使用template模块
​ 模板配置文件里面使用变量，比如{{ port }}或者使用{{ facts变量 }}
#### 2.模板逻辑关系
```jinja
{% for i in EXPR %}...{% endfor %}作为循环表达式
{% if EXPR %}...{% elif EXPR %}...{% endif %}作为条件判断
{# COMMENT #}表示注释
```
## 三：使用案例
#### 1.案例一
​ 使用facts变量
```yaml
[root@db2 memcache]# cat jinja1.yaml
- hosts: all
tasks:
- name: copy template file /etc/motd
template: src=./motd.j2 dest=/etc/motd backup=yes
[root@db2 memcache]# cat motd.j2
Welcome to qingcheng service!!
This System Hostname: {{ ansible_hostname }}
This System total memory is: {{ ansible_memtotal_mb }} MB
This System free memory is: {{ ansible_memfree_mb }} MB
```
#### 2.案例二
​ nginx负载均衡变量
```yaml
[root@db2 memcache]# cat kod_proxy.conf.j2
upstream {{ server_name }} {
{% for i in range(1,10) %}
server 192.168.10.{{ i }};
{% endfor %}
}
server {
listen {{ http_port }};
server_name {{ server_name }};
location / {
proxy_pass http://{{ server_name }};
include proxy_params;
}
}
[root@db2 memcache]# cat jinja2.yaml
- hosts: webserver
vars:
- http_port: 80
- server_name: kod_qingchen.com
tasks:
- name: install nginx server
yum: name=nginx state=latest
- name: configure nginx virt
template: src=./kod_proxy.conf.j2 dest=/etc/nginx/conf.d/proxy_kod.conf
notify: Restart Nginx Server
- name: start nginx server
service: name=nginx state=started enabled=yes
handlers:
- name: Restart Nginx Server
service: name=nginx state=restarted
```
#### 3.案例三
​ keepalive主从
```shell
inventory中的host_vars根据不同主机设定不同的变量
在playbook中是when判断主机名称，然后分发不同的配置文件
使用jinja2的方式渲染出不同的配置文件
```
```jinja2
[root@db2 memcache]# cat keepalived.yaml
- hosts: all
tasks:
- name: copy template keepalived configure
template: src=keepalived.j2 dest=/etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf
notify: Restart keepalived service
handler:
- name: Restart keepalived service
service: name=keepalived state=restarted
[root@db2 memcache]# cat keepalived.j2
global_defs {
router_id {{ ansible_fqdn }}
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
{% if ansible_fqdn == "web01" %}
state MASTER
priority 150
{% elif ansible_fqdn == "web02" %}
state BACKUP
priority 100
{% endif %}
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 50
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
virtual_ipaddress {
10.0.0.3
}
}
```

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<h1><center>Ansible之Setup模块</center></h1>
------
**作者：行癫（盗版必究）**
## 一：所有参数
```yml
10.0.0.111 | SUCCESS => {
"ansible_facts": {
"ansible_all_ipv4_addresses": [
"10.0.0.111"
],
"ansible_all_ipv6_addresses": [
"fe80::a1d7:aadb:3ae3:bbb9"
],
"ansible_apparmor": {
"status": "disabled"
},
"ansible_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_bios_date": "11/12/2020",
"ansible_bios_version": "6.00",
"ansible_cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64",
"LANG": "en_US.UTF-8",
"quiet": true,
"rd.lvm.lv": "centos/root",
"rhgb": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root"
},
"ansible_date_time": {
"date": "2023-03-02",
"day": "02",
"epoch": "1677768313",
"hour": "22",
"iso8601": "2023-03-02T14:45:13Z",
"iso8601_basic": "20230302T224513178165",
"iso8601_basic_short": "20230302T224513",
"iso8601_micro": "2023-03-02T14:45:13.178165Z",
"minute": "45",
"month": "03",
"second": "13",
"time": "22:45:13",
"tz": "CST",
"tz_offset": "+0800",
"weekday": "Thursday",
"weekday_number": "4",
"weeknumber": "09",
"year": "2023"
},
"ansible_default_ipv4": {
"address": "10.0.0.111",
"alias": "ens33",
"broadcast": "10.0.0.255",
"gateway": "10.0.0.2",
"interface": "ens33",
"macaddress": "00:0c:29:0d:1c:29",
"mtu": 1500,
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "10.0.0.0",
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_default_ipv6": {},
"ansible_device_links": {
"ids": {
"dm-0": [
"dm-name-centos-root",
"dm-uuid-LVM-jtnKDeIbgg03hClVGR4QFsF0xdtxSolvn3Yfi9VBej4wXITukpJCMpFT914kP7cH"
],
"sda2": [
"lvm-pv-uuid-vWNEKk-udkQ-vl1K-YJck-9KMY-D13P-eAoAnR"
],
"sr0": [
"ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001"
]
},
"labels": {
"sr0": [
"CentOS\\x207\\x20x86_64"
]
},
"masters": {
"sda2": [
"dm-0"
]
},
"uuids": {
"dm-0": [
"d0261be2-3486-4ff1-8563-8360393cfeb4"
],
"sda1": [
"bdfa051f-b5a8-4713-9bee-440b49233372"
],
"sr0": [
"2017-09-05-14-14-50-00"
]
}
},
"ansible_devices": {
"dm-0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"dm-name-centos-root",
"dm-uuid-LVM-jtnKDeIbgg03hClVGR4QFsF0xdtxSolvn3Yfi9VBej4wXITukpJCMpFT914kP7cH"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"d0261be2-3486-4ff1-8563-8360393cfeb4"
]
},
"model": null,
"partitions": {},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "",
"sectors": "82853888",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "39.51 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": null,
"virtual": 1
},
"sda": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": []
},
"model": "VMware Virtual S",
"partitions": {
"sda1": {
"holders": [],
"links": {
"ids": [],
"labels": [],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"bdfa051f-b5a8-4713-9bee-440b49233372"
]
},
"sectors": "1024000",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "500.00 MB",
"start": "2048",
"uuid": "bdfa051f-b5a8-4713-9bee-440b49233372"
},
"sda2": {
"holders": [
"centos-root"
],
"links": {
"ids": [
"lvm-pv-uuid-vWNEKk-udkQ-vl1K-YJck-9KMY-D13P-eAoAnR"
],
"labels": [],
"masters": [
"dm-0"
],
"uuids": []
},
"sectors": "82860032",
"sectorsize": 512,
"size": "39.51 GB",
"start": "1026048",
"uuid": null
}
},
"removable": "0",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "deadline",
"sectors": "83886080",
"sectorsize": "512",
"size": "40.00 GB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "VMware,",
"virtual": 1
},
"sr0": {
"holders": [],
"host": "",
"links": {
"ids": [
"ata-VMware_Virtual_IDE_CDROM_Drive_10000000000000000001"
],
"labels": [
"CentOS\\x207\\x20x86_64"
],
"masters": [],
"uuids": [
"2017-09-05-14-14-50-00"
]
},
"model": "VMware IDE CDR10",
"partitions": {},
"removable": "1",
"rotational": "1",
"sas_address": null,
"sas_device_handle": null,
"scheduler_mode": "cfq",
"sectors": "1622016",
"sectorsize": "2048",
"size": "792.00 MB",
"support_discard": "0",
"vendor": "NECVMWar",
"virtual": 1
}
},
"ansible_distribution": "CentOS",
"ansible_distribution_file_parsed": true,
"ansible_distribution_file_path": "/etc/redhat-release",
"ansible_distribution_file_variety": "RedHat",
"ansible_distribution_major_version": "7",
"ansible_distribution_release": "Core",
"ansible_distribution_version": "7.4",
"ansible_dns": {
"nameservers": [
"10.0.0.2"
],
"search": [
"localdomain"
]
},
"ansible_domain": "",
"ansible_effective_group_id": 0,
"ansible_effective_user_id": 0,
"ansible_ens33": {
"active": true,
"device": "ens33",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "off [fixed]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "off [fixed]",
"netns_local": "off [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off",
"rx_checksumming": "off",
"rx_fcs": "off",
"rx_vlan_filter": "on [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "on",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "off [fixed]",
"tx_mpls_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "off [fixed]",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "off",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "on [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "off [fixed]",
"vlan_challenged": "off [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv4": {
"address": "10.0.0.111",
"broadcast": "10.0.0.255",
"netmask": "255.255.255.0",
"network": "10.0.0.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "fe80::a1d7:aadb:3ae3:bbb9",
"prefix": "64",
"scope": "link"
}
],
"macaddress": "00:0c:29:0d:1c:29",
"module": "e1000",
"mtu": 1500,
"pciid": "0000:02:01.0",
"promisc": false,
"speed": 1000,
"timestamping": [
"tx_software",
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "ether"
},
"ansible_env": {
"HOME": "/root",
"LANG": "en_US.UTF-8",
"LESSOPEN": "||/usr/bin/lesspipe.sh %s",
"LOGNAME": "root",
"LS_COLORS": "rs=0:di=38;5;27:ln=38;5;51:mh=44;38;5;15:pi=40;38;5;11:so=38;5;13:do=38;5;5:bd=48;5;232;38;5;11:cd=48;5;232;38;5;3:or=48;5;232;38;5;9:mi=05;48;5;232;38;5;15:su=48;5;196;38;5;15:sg=48;5;11;38;5;16:ca=48;5;196;38;5;226:tw=48;5;10;38;5;16:ow=48;5;10;38;5;21:st=48;5;21;38;5;15:ex=38;5;34:*.tar=38;5;9:*.tgz=38;5;9:*.arc=38;5;9:*.arj=38;5;9:*.taz=38;5;9:*.lha=38;5;9:*.lz4=38;5;9:*.lzh=38;5;9:*.lzma=38;5;9:*.tlz=38;5;9:*.txz=38;5;9:*.tzo=38;5;9:*.t7z=38;5;9:*.zip=38;5;9:*.z=38;5;9:*.Z=38;5;9:*.dz=38;5;9:*.gz=38;5;9:*.lrz=38;5;9:*.lz=38;5;9:*.lzo=38;5;9:*.xz=38;5;9:*.bz2=38;5;9:*.bz=38;5;9:*.tbz=38;5;9:*.tbz2=38;5;9:*.tz=38;5;9:*.deb=38;5;9:*.rpm=38;5;9:*.jar=38;5;9:*.war=38;5;9:*.ear=38;5;9:*.sar=38;5;9:*.rar=38;5;9:*.alz=38;5;9:*.ace=38;5;9:*.zoo=38;5;9:*.cpio=38;5;9:*.7z=38;5;9:*.rz=38;5;9:*.cab=38;5;9:*.jpg=38;5;13:*.jpeg=38;5;13:*.gif=38;5;13:*.bmp=38;5;13:*.pbm=38;5;13:*.pgm=38;5;13:*.ppm=38;5;13:*.tga=38;5;13:*.xbm=38;5;13:*.xpm=38;5;13:*.tif=38;5;13:*.tiff=38;5;13:*.png=38;5;13:*.svg=38;5;13:*.svgz=38;5;13:*.mng=38;5;13:*.pcx=38;5;13:*.mov=38;5;13:*.mpg=38;5;13:*.mpeg=38;5;13:*.m2v=38;5;13:*.mkv=38;5;13:*.webm=38;5;13:*.ogm=38;5;13:*.mp4=38;5;13:*.m4v=38;5;13:*.mp4v=38;5;13:*.vob=38;5;13:*.qt=38;5;13:*.nuv=38;5;13:*.wmv=38;5;13:*.asf=38;5;13:*.rm=38;5;13:*.rmvb=38;5;13:*.flc=38;5;13:*.avi=38;5;13:*.fli=38;5;13:*.flv=38;5;13:*.gl=38;5;13:*.dl=38;5;13:*.xcf=38;5;13:*.xwd=38;5;13:*.yuv=38;5;13:*.cgm=38;5;13:*.emf=38;5;13:*.axv=38;5;13:*.anx=38;5;13:*.ogv=38;5;13:*.ogx=38;5;13:*.aac=38;5;45:*.au=38;5;45:*.flac=38;5;45:*.mid=38;5;45:*.midi=38;5;45:*.mka=38;5;45:*.mp3=38;5;45:*.mpc=38;5;45:*.ogg=38;5;45:*.ra=38;5;45:*.wav=38;5;45:*.axa=38;5;45:*.oga=38;5;45:*.spx=38;5;45:*.xspf=38;5;45:",
"MAIL": "/var/mail/root",
"PATH": "/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin",
"PWD": "/root",
"SHELL": "/bin/bash",
"SHLVL": "2",
"SSH_CLIENT": "10.0.0.110 51406 22",
"SSH_CONNECTION": "10.0.0.110 51406 10.0.0.111 22",
"SSH_TTY": "/dev/pts/1",
"TERM": "xterm-256color",
"USER": "root",
"XDG_RUNTIME_DIR": "/run/user/0",
"XDG_SESSION_ID": "15",
"_": "/usr/bin/python"
},
"ansible_fibre_channel_wwn": [],
"ansible_fips": false,
"ansible_form_factor": "Other",
"ansible_fqdn": "xingdian",
"ansible_hostname": "xingdian",
"ansible_hostnqn": "",
"ansible_interfaces": [
"lo",
"ens33"
],
"ansible_is_chroot": false,
"ansible_iscsi_iqn": "",
"ansible_kernel": "3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64",
"ansible_kernel_version": "#1 SMP Tue Aug 22 21:09:27 UTC 2017",
"ansible_lo": {
"active": true,
"device": "lo",
"features": {
"busy_poll": "off [fixed]",
"fcoe_mtu": "off [fixed]",
"generic_receive_offload": "on",
"generic_segmentation_offload": "on",
"highdma": "on [fixed]",
"hw_tc_offload": "off [fixed]",
"l2_fwd_offload": "off [fixed]",
"large_receive_offload": "off [fixed]",
"loopback": "on [fixed]",
"netns_local": "on [fixed]",
"ntuple_filters": "off [fixed]",
"receive_hashing": "off [fixed]",
"rx_all": "off [fixed]",
"rx_checksumming": "on [fixed]",
"rx_fcs": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_filter": "off [fixed]",
"rx_vlan_stag_hw_parse": "off [fixed]",
"scatter_gather": "on",
"tcp_segmentation_offload": "on",
"tx_checksum_fcoe_crc": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ip_generic": "on [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv4": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_ipv6": "off [fixed]",
"tx_checksum_sctp": "on [fixed]",
"tx_checksumming": "on",
"tx_fcoe_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gre_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_partial": "off [fixed]",
"tx_gso_robust": "off [fixed]",
"tx_ipip_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_lockless": "on [fixed]",
"tx_mpls_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_nocache_copy": "off [fixed]",
"tx_scatter_gather": "on [fixed]",
"tx_scatter_gather_fraglist": "on [fixed]",
"tx_sctp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_sit_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_tcp6_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_ecn_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_mangleid_segmentation": "on",
"tx_tcp_segmentation": "on",
"tx_udp_tnl_csum_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_udp_tnl_segmentation": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_offload": "off [fixed]",
"tx_vlan_stag_hw_insert": "off [fixed]",
"udp_fragmentation_offload": "on",
"vlan_challenged": "on [fixed]"
},
"hw_timestamp_filters": [],
"ipv4": {
"address": "127.0.0.1",
"broadcast": "",
"netmask": "255.0.0.0",
"network": "127.0.0.0"
},
"ipv6": [
{
"address": "::1",
"prefix": "128",
"scope": "host"
}
],
"mtu": 65536,
"promisc": false,
"timestamping": [
"rx_software",
"software"
],
"type": "loopback"
},
"ansible_local": {},
"ansible_lsb": {},
"ansible_lvm": {
"lvs": {
"root": {
"size_g": "39.51",
"vg": "centos"
}
},
"pvs": {
"/dev/sda2": {
"free_g": "0",
"size_g": "39.51",
"vg": "centos"
}
},
"vgs": {
"centos": {
"free_g": "0",
"num_lvs": "1",
"num_pvs": "1",
"size_g": "39.51"
}
}
},
"ansible_machine": "x86_64",
"ansible_machine_id": "b2553b2f1ad64a88a81a775b55de0eb3",
"ansible_memfree_mb": 1754,
"ansible_memory_mb": {
"nocache": {
"free": 1833,
"used": 151
},
"real": {
"free": 1754,
"total": 1984,
"used": 230
},
"swap": {
"cached": 0,
"free": 0,
"total": 0,
"used": 0
}
},
"ansible_memtotal_mb": 1984,
"ansible_mounts": [
{
"block_available": 97092,
"block_size": 4096,
"block_total": 127145,
"block_used": 30053,
"device": "/dev/sda1",
"fstype": "xfs",
"inode_available": 255673,
"inode_total": 256000,
"inode_used": 327,
"mount": "/boot",
"options": "rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota",
"size_available": 397688832,
"size_total": 520785920,
"uuid": "bdfa051f-b5a8-4713-9bee-440b49233372"
},
{
"block_available": 9998628,
"block_size": 4096,
"block_total": 10351679,
"block_used": 353051,
"device": "/dev/mapper/centos-root",
"fstype": "xfs",
"inode_available": 20687486,
"inode_total": 20713472,
"inode_used": 25986,
"mount": "/",
"options": "rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,noquota",
"size_available": 40954380288,
"size_total": 42400477184,
"uuid": "d0261be2-3486-4ff1-8563-8360393cfeb4"
}
],
"ansible_nodename": "xingdian",
"ansible_os_family": "RedHat",
"ansible_pkg_mgr": "yum",
"ansible_proc_cmdline": {
"BOOT_IMAGE": "/vmlinuz-3.10.0-693.el7.x86_64",
"LANG": "en_US.UTF-8",
"quiet": true,
"rd.lvm.lv": "centos/root",
"rhgb": true,
"ro": true,
"root": "/dev/mapper/centos-root"
},
"ansible_processor": [
"0",
"GenuineIntel",
"11th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-1165G7 @ 2.80GHz"
],
"ansible_processor_cores": 1,
"ansible_processor_count": 1,
"ansible_processor_threads_per_core": 1,
"ansible_processor_vcpus": 1,
"ansible_product_name": "VMware Virtual Platform",
"ansible_product_serial": "VMware-56 4d 77 c3 38 eb b5 44-f9 c5 f5 a9 0c 0d 1c 29",
"ansible_product_uuid": "C3774D56-EB38-44B5-F9C5-F5A90C0D1C29",
"ansible_product_version": "None",
"ansible_python": {
"executable": "/usr/bin/python",
"has_sslcontext": true,
"type": "CPython",
"version": {
"major": 2,
"micro": 5,
"minor": 7,
"releaselevel": "final",
"serial": 0
},
"version_info": [
2,
7,
5,
"final",
0
]
},
"ansible_python_version": "2.7.5",
"ansible_real_group_id": 0,
"ansible_real_user_id": 0,
"ansible_selinux": {
"status": "disabled"
},
"ansible_selinux_python_present": true,
"ansible_service_mgr": "systemd",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_ecdsa_public": "AAAAE2VjZHNhLXNoYTItbmlzdHAyNTYAAAAIbmlzdHAyNTYAAABBBFWlYnYAyylfiZr2C9xiHsT8i2ao+RY8CY+z6wJEBQxdtg+/VHmxYOejdPKrq94IjLU00x5Iu096aQ5XdNyDUs4=",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_ed25519_public": "AAAAC3NzaC1lZDI1NTE5AAAAIPHn7/QapryKV1IenlFdQngIQed+y9YyziwtVYnBflG9",
"ansible_ssh_host_key_rsa_public": "AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQCso6OpQ9TsQ/2ihnVLtUpqK4y1hjR9WyHqKQFcqH7TN9TDxuyB+gPfN1IzC25IoUb8mp9zIiLNqg8epsNbKFj9l3WQUtx3fcSXqIcZdWeTWkltxz0DxSr0xQd+odYwQ+ppH5gFjvTnJNcVJhqfMLAdQjLFjSrZfvF28qUyTGj8HJC7qGneM9ECLQwQ+ZQ6qvjaXMpgUR4p9JsOdSeicGD3mZwIsvScfhHq011V/2ZCQAgCuUlO/Z6+Xbzc27ZPyu4wkZYWM+DyZEXi0cvO5WYV+tst8uwdBQhSaQi8T5Vu7eUitdoFBC9vTFjZiR39dxEHy2nlkTnJWZ9ChLY08iLf",
"ansible_swapfree_mb": 0,
"ansible_swaptotal_mb": 0,
"ansible_system": "Linux",
"ansible_system_capabilities": [
"cap_chown",
"cap_dac_override",
"cap_dac_read_search",
"cap_fowner",
"cap_fsetid",
"cap_kill",
"cap_setgid",
"cap_setuid",
"cap_setpcap",
"cap_linux_immutable",
"cap_net_bind_service",
"cap_net_broadcast",
"cap_net_admin",
"cap_net_raw",
"cap_ipc_lock",
"cap_ipc_owner",
"cap_sys_module",
"cap_sys_rawio",
"cap_sys_chroot",
"cap_sys_ptrace",
"cap_sys_pacct",
"cap_sys_admin",
"cap_sys_boot",
"cap_sys_nice",
"cap_sys_resource",
"cap_sys_time",
"cap_sys_tty_config",
"cap_mknod",
"cap_lease",
"cap_audit_write",
"cap_audit_control",
"cap_setfcap",
"cap_mac_override",
"cap_mac_admin",
"cap_syslog",
"35",
"36+ep"
],
"ansible_system_capabilities_enforced": "True",
"ansible_system_vendor": "VMware, Inc.",
"ansible_uptime_seconds": 3024,
"ansible_user_dir": "/root",
"ansible_user_gecos": "root",
"ansible_user_gid": 0,
"ansible_user_id": "root",
"ansible_user_shell": "/bin/bash",
"ansible_user_uid": 0,
"ansible_userspace_architecture": "x86_64",
"ansible_userspace_bits": "64",
"ansible_virtualization_role": "guest",
"ansible_virtualization_type": "VMware",
"discovered_interpreter_python": "/usr/bin/python",
"gather_subset": [
"all"
],
"module_setup": true
},
"changed": false
}
```
## 二：使用Setup
#### 1.案例一
​ 使用“ansible_fqdn”获取主机名称和域名
```yml
[root@xingdian ansible]# cat test.yml
- name: test a playbook
hosts: web
tasks:
- name: hostname
debug:
msg: "{{ ansible_fqdn }}"
```
​ 运行剧本
```yaml
[root@xingdian ansible]# ansible-playbook test.yml
[WARNING]: Could not match supplied host pattern, ignoring: node1
PLAY [test a playbook] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
skipping: no hosts matched
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
[root@xingdian ansible]# vim test.yml
[root@xingdian ansible]# ansible-playbook test.yml
PLAY [test a playbook] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.111]
TASK [hostname] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.111] => {
"msg": "xingdian"
}
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.111 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
```
#### 2.案例二
​ 使用“ansible_ens33.ipv4.address”获取指定网卡IP地址
```yaml
[root@xingdian ansible]# cat test.yml
- name: test a playbook
hosts: web
tasks:
- name: hostname
debug:
msg: "{{ ansible_ens33.ipv4.address }}"
```
​ 运行剧本
```yaml
[root@xingdian ansible]# ansible-playbook test.yml
PLAY [test a playbook] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.111]
TASK [hostname] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.111] => {
"msg": "10.0.0.111"
}
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.111 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
```
#### 3.案例三
​ 使用“ansible_devices.sda.partitions.sda2.size”获取磁盘容量
```yaml
[root@xingdian ansible]# cat test.yml
- name: test a playbook
hosts: web
tasks:
- name: hostname
debug:
msg: "{{ ansible_devices.sda.partitions.sda2.size }}"
```
​ 运行剧本
```yaml
[root@xingdian ansible]# ansible-playbook test.yml
PLAY [test a playbook] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
TASK [Gathering Facts] ****************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.111]
TASK [hostname] ***********************************************************************************************************************************************
ok: [10.0.0.111] => {
"msg": "39.51 GB"
}
PLAY RECAP ****************************************************************************************************************************************************
10.0.0.111 : ok=2 changed=0 unreachable=0 failed=0 skipped=0 rescued=0 ignored=0
```

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<h1><center>Yaml语法格式</center></h1>
------
**作者：行癫（盗版必究）**
## 一：Yaml介绍
​ YAML 是 "YAML Ain't a Markup Language"（YAML 不是一种标记语言）的递归缩写。在开发的这种语言时，YAML 的意思其实是："Yet Another Markup Language"（仍是一种标记语言）；YAML 的语法和其他高级语言类似，并且可以简单表达清单、散列表，标量等数据形态。它使用空白符号缩进和大量依赖外观的特色，特别适合用来表达或编辑数据结构、各种配置文件等；YAML 的配置文件后缀为 .yml，如：runoob.yml*
#### 1.基本语法
​ 大小写敏感
​ 使用缩进表示层级关系
​ 缩进不允许使用tab，只允许空格
​ 缩进的空格数不重要，只要相同层级的元素左对齐即可
​ '#'表示注释
#### 2.数据类型
​ 对象：键值对的集合，又称为映射（mapping）/ 哈希（hashes） / 字典（dictionary）
​ 数组：一组按次序排列的值，又称为序列（sequence） / 列表（list）
​ 纯量（scalars）：单个的、不可再分的值
#### 3.Yaml对象
​ 对象键值对使用冒号结构表示 key: value，冒号后面要加一个空格
​ 也可以使用 key:{key1: value1, key2: value2, ...}
```yaml
key:
child-key: value
child-key2: value2
```
#### 4.Yaml数组
​ 以 **-** 开头的行表示构成一个数组
```yaml
- A
- B
- C
```
​ YAML 支持多维数组，可以使用行内表示
```shell
key: [value1, value2, ...]
```
​ 数据结构的子成员是一个数组，则可以在该项下面缩进一个空格
```shell
-
- A
- B
- C
```
​ 案例：companies 属性是一个数组，每一个数组元素又是由 id、name、price 三个属性构成
```yaml
companies:
-
id: 1
name: company1
price: 200W
-
id: 2
name: company2
price: 500W
```
#### 5.复合结构
​ 数组和对象可以构成复合结构
```yaml
languages:
- Ruby
- Perl
- Python
websites:
YAML: yaml.org
Ruby: ruby-lang.org
Python: python.org
Perl: use.perl.org
```
​ 转换为 json 为：
```
{"languages": ["Ruby", "Perl", "Python"], "websites": {"YAML": "yaml.org", "Ruby": "ruby-lang.org", "Python": "python.org", "Perl": "use.perl.org"}}
{
languages: [ 'Ruby', 'Perl', 'Python'],
websites: {
YAML: 'yaml.org',
Ruby: 'ruby-lang.org',
Python: 'python.org',
Perl: 'use.perl.org'
}
}
```
#### 6.纯量
​ 纯量是最基本的，不可再分的值，包括：
​ 字符串
​ 布尔值
​ 整数
​ 浮点数
​ Null
​ 时间
​ 日期
```yaml
boolean:
- TRUE #true,True都可以
- FALSE #false，False都可以
float:
- 3.14
- 6.8523015e+5 #可以使用科学计数法
int:
- 123
- 0b1010_0111_0100_1010_1110 #二进制表示
null:
nodeName: 'node'
parent: ~ #使用~表示null
string:
- 哈哈
- 'Hello world' #可以使用双引号或者单引号包裹特殊字符
- newline
newline2 #字符串可以拆成多行，每一行会被转化成一个空格
date:
- 2018-02-17 #日期必须使用ISO 8601格式，即yyyy-MM-dd
datetime:
- 2018-02-17T15:02:31+08:00 #时间使用ISO 8601格式，时间和日期之间使用T连接，最后使用+代表时区
```